PHYSICS MODEL QUESTION
Model Question
School Leaving Certificate Examination 2078
Grade: XII Subject: Physics Subject Code: 102
Full marks: 75 (11 marks Obj+ 64 marks Sub) Time: 3 Hours
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Content Area: Mechanics
1. Rotational dynamics
1.1 Equation of angular motion, Relation between linear and angular kinematics 1.2 Kinetic energy of rotation of rigid body 1.3 Moment of inertia; Radius of gyration 1.4 Moment of inertia of a uniform rod 1.5 Torque and angular acceleration for a rigid body 1.6 Work and power in rotational motion 1.7 Angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum. 7
4. Periodic motion
4.1 Equation of simple harmonic motion (SHM) 4.2 Energy in SHM 4.3 Application of SHM: vertical oscillation of mass suspended from coiled spring 4.4 Angular SHM, simple pendulum 4.5 Oscillatory motion: Damped oscillation, Forced oscillation and resonance. 6
3. Fluid statics
4.1 Fluid statics: Pressure in a fluid; Buoyancy 4.2 Surface tension: Theory of surface tension; Surface energy 4.3 Angle of contact, capillarity and its applications 4.4 Fluid Dynamics: Newton’s formula for viscosity in a liquid; Coefficient of viscosity 4.5 Poiseuille’s formula and its application 4.6 Stokes law and its applications 4.7 Equation of continuity and its applications 4.8 Bernoulli’s equation and its applications. 9
Content Area: Heat and Thermodynamics
9 First Law of Thermodynamics
9.2 Thermodynamic systems 9.3 Work done during volume change 9.4 Heat and work; Internal energy and First law of thermodynamics 9.5 Thermodynamic processes: Adiabatic, isochoric, isothermal and isobaric 6.1 Heat capacities of an ideal gas at constant pressure and volume and relation between them 6.2 Isothermal and Adiabatic processes for an ideal gas. 6 7. Second Law of Thermodynamics 7.1 Thermodynamic systems and direction of thermodynamic processes 7.2 Second law of thermodynamics 7.3 Heat engines 7.4 Internal combustion engines: Otto cycle, Diesel cycle; Carnot cycle 7.5 Refrigerator 7.6 Entropy and disorder (introduction only) 6 Content Area: Waves & Optics 9 Wave motion 9.5 Progressive waves 9.6 Mathematical description of a wave 9.7 Stationary waves 2 9 Mechanical waves 9.7 Speed of wave motion; Velocity of sound in solid and liquid 9.8 Velocity of sound in gas 9.9 Laplace’s correction 9.10 Effect of temperature, pressure, humidity on velocity of sound. 4 10 Wave in pipes and strings 10.1 Stationary waves in closed and open pipes 10.2 Harmonics and overtones in closed and open organ pipes 10.3 End correction in pipes 10.4 Velocity of transverse waves along a stretched string 10.5 Vibration of string and overtones 10.6 Laws of vibration of fixed string. 4 10 Acoustic phenomena 10.3 Sound waves: Pressure amplitude 10.4 Characteristics of sound: Intensity; loudness, quality and pitch 10.5 Doppler’s effect. 10. Nature and propagation of light 12.1 Huygen’s principle 12.2 Reflection and Refraction according to wave theory 8. Interference 8.1 Phenomenon of Interferences: Coherent sources 8.2 Young’s double slit experiment. 12 Diffraction 12.3 Diffraction from a single slit 12.4 Diffraction pattern of image; Diffraction grating 12.5 Resolving power of optical instruments. 8 Polarization 8.4 Phenomenon of polarization 8.5 Brewster’s law; transverse nature of light 8.6 Polaroid. Content Area: Electricity & Magnetism 9. Electrical circuits 9.1 Kirchhoff’s law 9.2 Wheatstone bridge circuit; Meter bridge 9.3 Potentiometer: Comparison of e.m.f., measurement of internal resistances of a cell 9.4 Super conductors; Perfect conductors 9.5 Conversion of galvanometer into voltmeter and ammeter; Ohmmeter 9.6 Joule’s law 13 Thermoelectric effects: 13.7 Seebeck effect; Thermocouples 13.8 Peltier effect: Variation of thermoelectric e.m.f. with temperature; Thermopile 10. Magnetic field 10.1 Magnetic field lines and magnetic flux; Oersted’s experiment 10.2 Force on moving charge; Force on a conductor 10.3 Force and Torque on rectangular coil, Moving coil galvanometer 10.4 Hall effect 10.5 Magnetic field of a moving charge 10.6 Biot and Savart law and its application to (i) a circular coil (ii) a long straight conductor (iii) a long solenoid 10.7 Ampere’s law and its applications to (i) a long straight conductor (ii) a straight solenoid (ii) a toroidal solenoid 10.8 Force between two parallel conductors carrying current- definition of ampere 15. Magnetic properties of materials: 15.1 Magnetic field lines and magnetic flux 15.2 Flux density in magnetic material; Relative permeability; Susceptibility 15.3 Hysteresis 15.4 Dia,-para- and ferro-magnetic materials. 12. Electromagnetic Induction: 12.1 Faraday’s laws; Induced electric fields 12.2 Lenz’s law, Motional electromotive force 12.3 A.C. generators; Eddy currents 12.4 Self-inductance and mutual inductance 12.5 Energy stored in an inductor 12.6 Transformer. 13 Alternating Currents 13.1 Peak and rms value of AC current and voltage 13.2 AC through a resistor, a capacitor and an inductor 13.3 Phasor diagram 13.4 Series circuits containing combination of resistance, capacitance and inductance 13.5 Series resonance, quality factor 13.6 Power in AC circuits: power factor Content Area : Modern Physics 13 Electrons 13.2 Milikan’s oil drop experiment, 3 2 3 3 6 3 9 5 6 6 4 13.3 Motion of electron beam in electric and magnetic fields 13.4 Thomson’s experiment to determine specific charge of electrons 14. Photons 14.1 Quantum nature of radiation 14.2 Einstein’s photoelectric equation; Stopping potential 14.3 Measurement of Plank’s constant 14 Semiconductor devices 14.2 P-N Junction 14.3 Semiconductor diode: Characteristics in forward and reverse bias 14.4 Full wave rectification 14.5 Logic gates; NOT, OR, AND, NAND and NOR. 15. Quantization of energy 15.1 Bohr’s theory of hydrogen atom 15.2 Spectral series; Excitation and ionization potentials 15.3 Energy level; Emission and absorption spectra 15.4 De Broglie Theory; Duality 15.5 Uncertainly principle 15.6 X-rays: Nature and production; uses 15.7 X-rays diffraction, Bragg’s law. 15 Radioactivity and nuclear reaction 15.2 Alpha-particles; Beta-particles, Gamma rays 15.3 Laws of radioactive disintegration 15.4 Half-life, mean-life and decay constant 16.1 Geiger-Muller Tube 16.2 Carbon dating 16.3 Medical use of nuclear radiation and possible health hazard. 16 Recent trends in physics Seismology: 16.1 Surface waves: Rayleigh and Love waves Internal waves: S and P-waves Wave patterns of Gorkha Earthquake 2015 16.2 Gravitational Wave Nanotechnology Higgs Boson 6 8 6 6 1
